CAPG's Blog 

Fast for the Church

by VP


Posted on Thursday January 23, 2025 at 11:00PM in Quotes


"Today is a Friday, traditionally a day of fasting and abstinence from meat. Fasting is Apostolic, it expands our ability to love, it casts out demons and brings peace to Holy Church. Fast for the Holy Father, for the bishops, for your pastor, for vocations, for unity, for the dying, the sick, for victims of abuse, for the troubled, for peace, for those suffering through natural disasters. FAST!" Monsignor Ferrari


Prayer:

Remember, O most loving Heart of Jesus, that they for whom I pray are those for whom You prayed so earnestly the night before Your death. These are they to whom You look to continue with You in Your sorrows when others forsake You, who share Your griefs and have inherited your persecutions, according to Your word: That the servant is not greater than his Lord.

Remember, O Heart of Jesus, that they are the objects of the worldʼs hatred and Satanʼs deadliest snares. Keep them then, 0 Jesus, in the safe citadel of Your Sacred Heart and there let them be sanctified in truth. May they be one with you and one among themselves, and grant that multitudes may be brought through their word to believe in You and love You. Amen.

Source: CAPG



The Arrival in Palestine

by VP


Posted on Wednesday January 22, 2025 at 11:00PM in Meditations


"1. When Joseph arrived with Mary and her Divine Son in their own land, his first thought was to turn to Bethlehem, and to dwell in peace where he had dwelt so peaceably before. But to his sorrow he learned that the son of the impious Herod was ruling in his father's place. He was not going to expose to any risk the treasure committed to him, and at once he determined to turn his steps elsewhere. Notice his prudence, and beware of running any risk with the treasures of grace God has committed to you. One serious sin will lose them all.

2. Whither should he go? It was all one to St. Joseph, as long as he went whither God sent him. He was quite as ready to go to Nazareth as anywhere else, if God directed his steps thither. This should be my disposition, to be ready to go anywhere, and live in any place, where God may send me.

3. How did St. Joseph decide where he was to dwell? By prayer and by good counsel. He asked of God to turn his steps whither He willed, and he also did not neglect the rules of human prudence. This is St. Ignatius' advice: (1) Act with prudence, but never forget to consult God. (2) While you trust all to God, do not lose sight of the importance of using natural means."

Meditations for Christmas . By Rev. Richard F. Clarke S.J. The Catholic Truth Society, London 1891


Jan 23. Return of all Lapsed Catholics (Church Unity Octave Prayer)

by VP


Posted on Wednesday January 22, 2025 at 11:00PM in Prayers


"And then for those thy dearest and thy best
The prodigals from thine own Fold, dear Lord,
Whom thy strong arms held closely to thy breast,
Laved with thy Jordan, feasted at thy board:
Calling, go forth to meet them, Saviour dear;
Embrace them with the grace to persevere.

"Ut omnes unum sint," O lord, we pray
That all be drawn within thy one, true fold,
Back to thy Church - from which the wand'rers stray
And the true Faith she keeps like saints of Old.
O bring them back, Good Shepherd of the sheep;
And rouse the heathen nations from their sleep. Amen"

Source: Catholic Hymns for the People, James Martin Raker 1919 -

Prayer intention: Return of all Lapsed Catholics

  •    Ant. That they all may be one, as Thou, Father, in me and I in Thee, that they also may be one in us; that the world may believe that Thou has sent me.
        ℣. I say to thee, that thou art Peter,
       . And upon this rock I will build my Church.
        Let us pray: Lord Jesus Christ, Who didst say to Thine Apostles: peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you, look not upon my sins, but upon the faith of Thy Church; and vouchsafe unto Her that peace and unity which is agreeable to Thy will: Who livest and reignest God forever and ever. Amen.
 + One decade (at least) of the Rosary for this particular intention, Holy Communion if possible.

Reflection:

"This intention has a note of urgency and tragedy about it. These souls, fallen from God's grace and living in sin, were born into the supernatural life. They were once members of Christ who knew the power and love of God in the sacraments, especially in the Eucharist, and quickened under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit in Confirmation. They once loved their spiritual Mother Mary who directed their paths and heeded their lisping Aves.
But all that is past. Once heirs of paradise, they have forsaken their destiny for the "mess of pottage" of personal ambition, of material success, or of an unlawful marriage. But just as the Divine Shepherd seeks for the lost, so Mary, the Divine Shepherdess, by her prayers and love seeks for those who have separated themselves from the Church. Mary longs to bring them back, she desires to welcome them once more in their home.

How many souls have returned to the practice of their faith by the persistent devotion of some old mother, of a faithful wife, of a fervent religious? How many have returned, after years of separation, because they were faithful, for no reason they could explain, to some little practice of devotion to Mary? Their number is legion; every soul that comes back in repentance, every heart that is stung by remorse, every shoulder bowed with grief, is a constant memorial to the mother love of the Blessed Virgin.

There is a story of the Blessed Virgin Mary's influence over one of her "straying children." A priest was called to the slum section of an eastern city. Dirty-faced urchins met him on the sidewalk and led him to the dank cellar of a foul-smelling tenement. There beside the furnace, in a welter of soiled clothing, empty bottles, and cigarette butts, on a rusty cot lay a woman wrapped in a man's overcoat. She groaned in intense pain. The eldest of the children, a girl of eleven, said: "Here's a priest to see you." The woman turned and screamed: "Get out of here!" Then someone dragged over an empty beer case and the priest sat on it beside the cot. He spoke kindly to the woman, telling her that she was dying and it was time for her to make her peace with God. She continued to call him the foulest names. Finally the priest knelt and in a low voice began the Rosary. At first it was an odd combination of prayer and blasphemy, but as the Hail Marys continued the woman became silent; tears filled her bloodshot eyes. As she said later, when the priest said the Rosary, memories came back to her - memories of her girlhood in the mid-west, of her mother and father, of her brothers and sisters.... of herself...all kneeling around the dining room table saying the Rosary before the May shrine of Our Lady with a little white candle burning before it. She had been so good then; she was so evil now. At the last decade she answered the priest: "Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinner now and at the hour of our death." She went to confession, received the Eucharist, and died peacefully. "The American Ecclesiastical Review, Volume 130 Herman Joseph Heuser Catholic University of America Press, 1954


January 23: Feast of the Espousal of Mary and Joseph

by VP


Posted on Wednesday January 22, 2025 at 11:00PM in From the Past


File:Provins Saint-Quiriace vitrail 435.jpg

Vitrail de Saint-Quiriace in Provins, Département Seine-et-Marne (Île-de-France)

"In this festival we are called upon to admire the wise disposition of divine Providence in preparing for the birth of the world's Redeemer. The blessed Virgin Mary was espoused to St. Joseph. This was decreed by heaven for several important reasons. By the genealogy of St. Joseph, which the evangelist St. Matthew has carefully recorded, the origin of the Blessed Virgin was also proclaimed. St. Joseph was given her from heaven to be the protector of her chastity; and that the honour and reputation of our Blessed Lady might be preserved when she became the mother of our divine Redeemer. He was also given to accompany and protect her when the holy family were obliged to fly into Egypt, as well as in her other journeys, fatigues, and persecutions. O how great was the purity and sanctity of that spouse, who was chosen to be the guardian of the most spotless Virgin! Another reason is assigned by St. Ignatius the Martyr, that the mystery of the birth of Christ might be concealed from the devil, who was not permitted to know that He was born of a virgin.

It was therefore the will of the Almighty that His divine Son should be born of a virgin, and yet that His holy mother should be espoused to St. Joseph. She did not demur, nor did she fear for her holy vow of perpetual virginity; because she had given herself up entirely to the disposal of God, and to His divine will. She never doubted that He would preserve her purity, when she was accomplishing His holy will. Suffer yourself in like manner to be governed and disposed of at all times as God pleases, and you will never incur any danger. You may well fear, when following your own will; but in doing the will of God you will always be secure.

Observe in this mysterious desponsation of the Blessed Virgin to St. Joseph, that one object of it was to conceal for a time the mystery of the Incarnation. Learn hence to conceal your virtues by profound humility, till it be necessary that they should appear for God's greater glory and the good of your neighbour. See how different is the judgment of God from the estimation of the world. God preferred in this holy couple, justice, sanctity, virginity, and humility; whereas the world seeks after high birth, riches, and temporal advantages. Judge then like God, and you will not be so enslaved to earthly goods. And beg the Blessed Virgin and her chaste spouse to intercede for you." The Catholic Year by Rev. Fr. John Gother


St. Raymond of Penafort Confessor A.D. 1275

by VP


Posted on Wednesday January 22, 2025 at 11:00PM in Saints


File:Dolabella St. Raymond of Penyafort.jpg - Wikipedia


St. Raymond Penafort Tommaso Dolabella  (1570–1650)

"He made so rapid progress in his studies, that at the age of twenty he taught philosophy. He was a perfect model to the clergy, by his innocence, zeal, devotion, and boundless liberalities to the poor. He took the habit of the Dominicans, eight months after the death of their holy founder. To the exercises of his solitude, he joined the functions of an apostolical life, by labouring without intermission in preaching, instructing, hearing confessions with wonderful fruit, and converting heretics, Jews, and Moors. Except on Sundays, he never took more than one small refection in the day. Amidst honours and applause, he was ever little in his own eyes.

Being informed that he was chosen general of his order, he was thunderstruck at the news; he wept and entreated, and acquiesced only through obedience. On one occasion, being unjustly detained by the king in the island of Majorca, full of confidence in God, he spread his cloak upon the sea, tied up one corner of it to his staff for a sail, and having made the sign of the cross, stepped upon it without fear, and was wafted with such rapidity, that in six hours he reached Barcelona, a distance of one hundred and eighty miles. He was received on the shore with great acclamations; but gathering up his cloak dry, he put it on, stole through the crowd, and entered his monastery.

Pray for all the religious of the order of St. Dominic. Pray for the charity of this saint, that you may not be wanting to whatever part of it falls within your power, whether in visiting, comforting, or relieving such as are in distress. It is the best reparation you can make for your past hardheartedness, idle visits, and time and money misspent. It is the surest way of obtaining mercy for yourself.

It was by means of this saint that was founded the order for the redemption of captives. Pray for all those who live captives to sin. Bless God if you are none of these, and fail not daily to put up your prayers in behalf of those who lie under this misfortune." The Catholic Year, by Rev. Fr. John Gother


Litany and Prayer to St. Raymond of Peñafort
(Used with Permission Litany and Prayer to St. Raymond of Peñafort)

Lord have mercy, Lord have mercy.
Christ have mercy, Christ have mercy,
Lord have mercy, Lord have mercy.

Christ, hear us. Christ, graciously hear us.

St. Raymond of Peñafort, pray for us.
Master of Preachers,  pray for us
Patron of Lawyers, pray for us
Father of Confessors,  pray for us
Counselor of Penitents, pray for us
Apostle to Gentiles, pray for us
Evangelist to Israelites, pray for us
Ransomer of Captives, pray for us
Teacher of the Learned and the Ignorant, pray for us
Friend of Princes and Paupers, pray for us
Protector of Sailors, pray for us
Comforter of the Aged, pray for us
Defender of Marriage, pray for us
Champion of Religious Rights, pray for us
Advocate of Reason, pray for us
Guardian of Justice, pray for us
Promoter of Freedom, pray for us
Worker of Miracles, pray for us

Son of the Blessed Virgin Mary, pray for us
Son of St. Dominic, pray for us
Son of the Church, pray for us
Holy Priest of Jesus Christ, pray for us

Lamb of God, Who takes away the sins of the world, Spare us, O Lord.
Lamb of God, Who takes away the sins of the world, Graciously hear us, O Lord.
Lamb of God, Who takes away the sins of the world, Have mercy on us.

Let us pray. Glorious Saint Raymond of Peñafort, wise and holy patron, come to the aid of those entrusted to your care,
and all who flee to your protection. Intercede for us in our need, and help us through your prayers, example, and teaching, to proclaim the truth of the Gospel to all we meet. And when we have reached the fullness of our years,
we beseech you to guide us home to heaven, to live in peace with you, Our Mother Mary, and Our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen.

Imprimatur: Most Reverend Michael F. Burbidge, Bishop of Arlington, June 22, 2018




Jan 22. Catholic Unity for all American Christians (Church Unity Octave Prayer)

by VP


Posted on Tuesday January 21, 2025 at 11:00PM in Prayers


"Ten thousand times ten thousand - Who are these
Of every tongue and language gathered here
In our own land? Send forth thy quickening breeze
Which guided to these shores our Christopher
And thy strong grace in Pentecostal flame
To make all one in calling on thy Name.

"Ut omnes unum sint," O lord, we pray
That all be drawn within thy one, true fold,
Back to thy Church - from which the wand'rers stray
And the true Faith she keeps like saints of Old.
O bring them back, Good Shepherd of the sheep;
And rouse the heathen nations from their sleep. Amen"

Source: Catholic Hymns for the People, James Martin Raker 1919 -

Prayer intention: Catholic Unity for all American Christians

  •    Ant. That they all may be one, as Thou, Father, in me and I in Thee, that they also may be one in us; that the world may believe that Thou has sent me.
        ℣. I say to thee, that thou art Peter,
       . And upon this rock I will build my Church.
        Let us pray: Lord Jesus Christ, Who didst say to Thine Apostles: peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you, look not upon my sins, but upon the faith of Thy Church; and vouchsafe unto Her that peace and unity which is agreeable to Thy will: Who livest and reignest God forever and ever. Amen.
 + One decade (at least) of the Rosary for this particular intention, Holy Communion if possible.

Reflection:

"The object of prayer for this day should be especially dear to all the faithful in the United States. Our own land, dedicated to the Mother of God under the title of the Immaculate Conception, should be noted for its love for Mary. To some extent, it is true, this love has been shown, from the coming of Christopher Columbus in his Santa Maria to the Rosary Rallies, the widespread Legion of Mary and Sodality organizations of the present day. But such tribute is not complete. Mary seeks the souls of all in America, of all the members of more than three hundred sects cut off from the Church.
If the Catholic laity of our nation were imbued with the dignity and glory of their vocation as lay apostles, what tremendous strides the Church would make! If each Catholic brought just one soul a year to the Church, in five years all America would be Catholic. True, this is idealistic, but it is surely a goal worthy of sacrifice and prayer.

There has been no appreciable change of attitude towards the Church in this country. The attacks today are fundamentally the same as they were a century ago, but here and there admiration bespeaks an interest in things Catholic and under the aegis of grace, admirable can lead to conversion. For example, a Methodist ministers in Brooklyn said two years ago:

I like Roman Catholicism because it is the mother Church. The bulk of our traditions have been preserved by this great institution. I like Roman Catholicism because it is Catholic, it is a Church militant which always has had a passion for souls. I like Roman Catholicism for its discipline. In this day when we are discovering how important to health and happiness is peace of mind, it is well to re-examine the basic principles of confession. I like Roman Catholicism, most of all for its realism. It is one Christian Church which takes itself most seriously. When a Roman communicant comes to Mass, he comes to the presence of Christ. There is no room in his faith for any doubt of this reality.

Unfortunately, one of the chief difficulties for the Protestant mind is devotion to the Mother of God. But even in this matter patience and charity can do much to dispel the spiritual iron curtain with which so many have surrounded themselves. The faithful must pray for those who are not members of the Church and be ready apostles in explaining the faith whenever they have the opportunity.

The forums, the trailer chapels, the information centers, all are valuable means of bringing souls to the faith; while the efforts, at times heroic, of priest, Brothers, and Sisters laboring in the vast areas of the south and west have wrought incalculable results. But these are not the only missions to the non-Catholics. In our large cities there are thousands and millions who do not have the true faith. How will they be converted? When? By whom? In the providence of God it seems that the principal way of bringing souls to Christ is the humble unheralded activity of lay Catholics, conscious of their duty and dignity in spreading the faith. Any sphere of activity, any walk of life, any circumstance can be significant. There is a story told of a little Sister who won a convert simply because she signed "God bless you" in a business letter. Countless others awaken the first interest in the faith by a kind act, a smile, a courteous gesture. There are so many possibilities of apostolic action for those who love Christ and His mother." The American Ecclesiastical Review, Volume 130, Herman Joseph Heuser Catholic University of America Press, 1954


The Return Home

by VP


Posted on Tuesday January 21, 2025 at 11:00PM in Meditations


"I. At length, when it seemed as if God had almost forgotten His well-beloved Son, the summons came to return to the land of Israel. An angel appeared to Joseph with the welcome news that those who had sought the life of Jesus were dead, and that therefore they might go back in safety. Those who are willing to wait are sure to obtain their desires. It is impatience and the restless desire for immediate relief that leads to so many disappointments. In the things of God, as in all else, it is those who wait who win.

2. How full of joy were the hearts of Joseph and Mary as they neared once more their native land! Like all the saints, they had an intense love for their country and their people and their home. Holy indifference does not mean that we have no natural affections for kindred and for fatherland, but that those affections are entirely subordinate to the will of God.

3. If the people of Egypt knew not that their God was dwelling among them, they knew that they had amongst them those who were the special friends of God. Mary and Joseph had endeared themselves to all around by their gentleness, charity. Patience, courtesy, humility, and thoughtful kindness to all. To them how terrible a grief was the departure of the Holy Family! Do I endear myself to those among whom I live? "

Meditations for Christmas . By Rev. Richard F. Clarke S.J. The Catholic Truth Society, London 1891


Saints Vincent and Anastasius, Martyrs, A.D. 304 and 628.

by VP


Posted on Tuesday January 21, 2025 at 11:00PM in Saints


"The former was a deacon of Spain, who for preaching the Gospel in the time of Dioclesian, was apprehended. St. Augustine assures us that he suffered torments far beyond what any man could have endured, unless supported by a supernatural strength; and that he preserved such peace and tranquillity in his words, countenance, and gestures, in the midst of them, as quite astonished his very persecutors, and visibly appeared as something divine. He continued faithful under the trial of scourges, racks, and fire, and variety of other torments; and at length a soft bed was prepared for him, on which he was no sooner laid than he expired.

Pray for this spirit of patience under all trials. There is no living in this world, but under some kind of persecution.

Relations, neighbours, your own indiscretion and passions may be to you a Dioclesian. If you have not a trial of your faith, you have at least of your fidelity to your God; and if you could but hold out with the charity and patience of the martyrs, you need not doubt of meeting with the crown of martyrs. Pray therefore that you may be just and faithful in little occasions. These present themselves often, and so often are you tried. If you sincerely honour the constancy of a martyr on the rack, be ashamed of your ordinary weakness, and beg pardon for it.

St. Anastasius was a Persian monk, who after cruel torments, was put to death with seventy other Christians, who were all ordered to be strangled. Pray for the empire of Persia, that God would please to bring it to the knowledge of his truths. Pray for all under any affliction whatever. Be careful never to sink under your own trials, nor consent to the least secret murmuring. Pray for all who are in their agony, or near death, that God would comfort and support them with his divine grace." The Catholic Year by Fr. John Gotheer


The Long Waiting

by VP


Posted on Monday January 20, 2025 at 11:00PM in Meditations


"1. For seven long years the Holy Family remained in the land of Egypt. From day to day they knew not whether they were to spend all their days in banishment, far from the dear land of Israel, or to return thither it might be on the morrow; yet no shade of impatience ever marred the perfection of their peace and resignation to the will of God. How different from myself, who am so anxious and troubled about the future!

2. During all this time St. Joseph supported his holy spouse and the Infant Jesus by working at his trade of a carpenter. They often felt the pinch of poverty, but never wanted for bread. God forsakes not His own, though He sometimes tries them to the very edge of their powers of endurance. He will not forsake me if I put my trust in Him.

3. How little the people of Egypt knew Who it was that dwelt for these long years amongst them! If they had known it, they would eagerly have cast aside their idols, and thrown themselves at the feet of the King of heaven and earth. So if those outside the Catholic Church knew that on every altar God Himself dwells in the Blessed Sacrament, how they would come in crowds to make their humble submission to Him! Hence teach a great charity to those outside the Church of Christ. It is often ignorance, not malice, that stands in the way of their conversion."

Meditations for Christmas . By Rev. Richard F. Clarke S.J. The Catholic Truth Society, London 1891


Jan 21. Return of European Protestants ( Church Unity Octave Prayer)

by VP


Posted on Monday January 20, 2025 at 11:00PM in Tradition


"O Michael, who hast strongly kept the way
Invaders sought, and hast undone their boast:
With thee may blest Saint Boniface now pray
And Mary Queen of Peace, and heav'nly host
That all misled by heresy, may search
The paths and find the Way of Holy Church.

"Ut omnes unum sint," O lord, we pray
That all be drawn within thy one, true fold,
Back to thy Church - from which the wand'rers stray
And the true Faith she keeps like saints of Old.
O bring them back, Good Shepherd of the sheep;
And rouse the heathen nations from their sleep. Amen"

Source: Catholic Hymns for the People, James Martin Raker 1919 -

Prayer intention: Return of European Protestants

  •    Ant. That they all may be one, as Thou, Father, in me and I in Thee, that they also may be one in us; that the world may believe that Thou has sent me.
        ℣. I say to thee, that thou art Peter,
       . And upon this rock I will build my Church.
        Let us pray: Lord Jesus Christ, Who didst say to Thine Apostles: peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you, look not upon my sins, but upon the faith of Thy Church; and vouchsafe unto Her that peace and unity which is agreeable to Thy will: Who livest and reignest God forever and ever. Amen.
 + One decade (at least) of the Rosary for this particular intention, Holy Communion if possible.

Reflection:

There is little to be gained in criticizing Martin Luther today. Rather men should pray that those who follow him may come to a realization of the gift that he, and those who follow him, flung aside: veneration for the Mother of God. As a young priest Luther wrote and preached beautiful tributes to Mary. Even after he nailed his ninety-fives theses to the door of Wittenburg's Cathedral and turned his back on his Lord, he wrote in a commentary on the Magnificat: "If I had as many tongues as there are stars in the sky or grains of sand on the seashore, or leaves of all the forests, and if with all these tongues I did nothing but praise Mary day and night, I could never say anything half so glorious to her as that which is expressed in the single phrase: "Thou art the Mother of God."
In a short while he repudiated Our Lady too, but among his followers devotion to the Virgin did not die so quickly. In many places in the sixteenth century the Lutherans continued to celebrate the feast of the Assumption with meetings and canticles because the people would not give up the festival. At the present day many still demonstrate love for Mary by reciting the Rosary and there has been a notable increase of Marian devotion especially in the Evangelical Church of Mainz.

During the Holy Year of 1950 a Lutheran minister, Richard Baumann, made a pilgrimage to Rome. In writing of his experiences he frequently alluded to the Blessed Virgin. Of the Rosary he said: "...when the rosary is said, truth sinks in to the subconscious like a slow and steady downpour, the hammered sentences of the catechism receive an indelible validity for precisely the little ones..." He made special note of the fact that the symbolical books of the Evangelical Lutheran Church use the following phrases: "Mary, the pure, the holy, the ever-virgin, the God-Bearer, truly the Mother of God, worthy of the amplest praises. She will that we follow her example. She prays for the Church."

For the first time in four hundred years the sons of St. Francis have returned to Norway. The land that produced its St. Olaf and St. Magnus, its St. Hallvard and St. Eyestein is beginning to re-echo with the liturgy of the Church and its Aves in honor of the Mother of God. St. Canute of Denmark will live in other sons of the Church and St. Bridget and St. Catherine of Sweden will rise once more as modern heroines of God's family, if only a sufficient number of missioners will take the torch of faith and carry it full-flaming among men who know it not. In the prayer of the famous Barnabite priest, Fr. Karl Schilling, who labored so extensively for the conversion of the Scandinavian people, we ask divine blessings: "Good Jesus, I humbly fall at Thy feet and pray Thee by Thy holy wounds and by Thy Precious Blood which Thou has shed for the whole world, to look in mercy upon the Scandinavian people. Let astray hundreds of year ago, they are now separated from Thy Church and denied the inestimable benefit of the Sacrament of Thy Body and Blood, and also the many other means of grace which Thou hast instituted for the consolation of the faithful in life and in death.

Remember, O Saviour of the world, that for these souls also Thou didst shed Thy Precious Blood and endure untold sufferings.
Good Shepherd, lead these Thy sheep back to the wholesome pastures of Thy Church, so that they may be on flock together with us under Thy Vicar here on earth - the Bishop of Rome, who in the person of the Holy Apostle Peter was commissioned by Thee to care both for the lambs and for the sheep.

Hear, O merciful Jesus, these our petitions, which we make to Thee with full trust in the love of Thy Sacred Heart towards us, and to Thy Holy Name be glory, honor, and praise through all eternity."

Source: Father Titius Crannis, S.A. The American Ecclesiastical Review, Volume 130, Herman Joseph Heuser Catholic University of America Press, 1954