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In the Reign of Terror: Carmelites of Compiegne

by VP


Posted on Wednesday July 17, 2024 at 01:00AM in Documents


File:CarmélitesComp02.jpg

Les carmélites de Compiègne face à la guillotine. Illustration extraite de Louis David (o.s.b.), Les Seize Carmélites de Compiègne, leur martyre et leur béatification, 17 juillet 1794 - 27 mai 1906, Paris, H. Oudin, [1906].

"On July 17, early in the morning, the Carmelites were summoned to appear before the revolutionary tribunal. The charges brought against them, clothed in sensational language, sound absurd enough, applied to these silent, retiring recluses. They were accused of "wishing to drown liberty in blood," of having worked to "enslave their country," etc.; but under these high-flown, pompous phrases, so dear to the revolutionists, it is easy to trace the real motive of the nuns' arrest and condemnation. Their real crime was the fidelity with which they clung to the religious practices that, in happier days, they had bound themselves to observe; another offence, no less grave, was that a picture of the Sacred Heart had been found in their lodgings.

Mother Teresa, as the responsible leader of the group, answered, as far as she was allowed, the charges brought against her Community. Among the crowd of people, who invariably assisted at the trials during these last days of the reign of Terror, were some few unknown friends and well-wishers, who gave Sister Mary of the Incarnation a faithful account of the proceedings. With great calmness and dignity the Prioress disclaimed the charge of having meddled in politics and, on being accused of having concealed firearms in her monastery, "Here," she said, producing a crucifix, “is the only weapon we ever possessed." With no less courage she assumed the entire responsibility of whatever offences might be brought forward against her sisters, and she endeavored, failing all else, to screen the outside Sisters who, as "paid servants," were obliged to obey orders. "If," she added, "it is a crime to have corresponded with our chaplain on purely spiritual matters, I alone am guilty and should alone be condemned."

This brave protest availed nothing; the sixteen Carmelites were condemned to death as "fanatics," which meant, explained the president, "that they were devoted to silly practices of religion."—" My dear mother," exclaimed one of the nuns, Annette Pelras, "do you hear, we die for our holy faith! What happiness it is to die for God!"

The execution was to take place that same day, and the Carmelites had only a few hours left to prepare for the end. They were, said Pierre Blot, "radiantly" happy when they returned to the prison; but they had eaten nothing since the previous day, and, with motherly foresight, the Prioress sold a cloak to procure money enough to give each one a cup of chocolate. Then, kneeling down, they began to recite the Office for the Dead.

The executions since the previous month of June were appointed to take place at the "Place de la nation," which is situated at the extremity of the city, towards Vincennes. As the carts in which the Carmelites were seated, with their hands tightly bound, jolted over the rough pavement, a strange, sweet sound of singing echoed through the air. The "Te Deum," the "Salve Regina" floated above the feverish crowd that followed the procession, and, for once, no coarse jest or brutal insult was hurled at the prisoners. These calm, happy women, with their sweet voices and smiling eyes, exercised a unique power of fascination over the frenzied multitude. On arriving at the "Place," the Carmelites knelt down and quietly renewed their baptismal vows and their religious promises, while the executioner and the guards looked on in silence. Then the Prioress took up her station at the foot of the guillotine; the novice Sister Constance was the first to ascend its bloody stairs; her clear, young voice chanted the "Laudate," in which her Sisters joined; then, as one after another they followed on her footsteps, the singing grew fainter, till at last the Prioress was alone! Her task was fulfilled; her daughters were safe. With an eager step, Blessed Teresa of St. Augustin followed them, and, the last of the devoted band, laid her head beneath the knife.

The Carmelites of Compiègne were thrown into a sand pit close by, together with over one thousand persons, who, in the short space of six weeks, were beheaded on the Place de la Nation." This hallowed spot has since been enclosed by a high wall and when we visited it this year, on the 17th of July, masses of fragrant roses and snow-white lilies covered the grave, where, among the crowd of victims, lie the newly beatified martyrs.

The sixteen Carmelites of Compiègne had, in the midst of their difficulties and trials, a supreme consolation: they lived, suffered and died together. Like the Sisters of Charity of Arras, their Community life remained unbroken, and to the end they could rest upon the example and guidance of their Prioress. Of this support and comfort, the thirty-two nuns who were executed at Orange were cruelly deprived. They were led to execution sometimes alone, sometimes in small groups of two, three or four, as best suited the caprice or convenience of their tyrants. COMTESSE DE COURSON."  Messenger of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Volume 49 page 179, 1908